How to start a fire in a vertebrate, or vertebrate-like, apparatus?
This article first appeared in The Hindu magazine.
The article was edited by Sanjeev Rangasamy, Editor-in-Chief, The Hindu.
Read more about the issue: How to fire vertebrate apparatusWhat are vertebrate fire apparatus?
Vestigial animals are the most common vertebrate species, with around 1,000 species worldwide.
The vertebrate lineages include crocodiles, birds, mammals, fish and amphibians.
The genus Vulpes is also the most commonly found vertebrate family.
Viruses and bacteria are found in most vertebrate organs, but they are the only animal species to produce a toxin known as hemolytic streptococcus.
The toxin is produced when the cells in an organ have been damaged by an infection.
The toxin is present in a range of forms and can be produced by any of the following organisms: bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa.
In vertebrates, hemolytics are produced by the mitochondria of the vertebrate cells, the powerhouses of the cell, and they can be carried by the bacteria and viruses that make up the cell.
This article first published on July 22, 2017.